Doppler navigation system



May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLERNAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Ocl'.. '7, 1959 May 25, 1965 Filed 001'.. 7, 1959 32 Sheets-Sheet 2 F/GA.

@JWM

ATTORNEY May 25 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

DoPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM Filed Oct. '7, 1959 32 Sheets-Sheet 3 mwDOO OmEmmo lIIIIIaI ATTORNEY May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAI. 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM Filed Oct. '7, 1959 52 Sheets-Sheet 4 May 25,. 1965 w. FEsUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

vorrmn NAvIGATIoN SYSTEM 52v Sheets-Sheet 5 nu n n nu .nu n n u u u u u u Filed Oct. 7. 1959'I aATTORNEY May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM Filed Oct. 7, 1959 52 Sheets-Sheet 6 BOTTOM FEED KLYSTRON CAVITY CAVITY |04 May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Oct. '7, 1959 @no mvNm QmO 25 www OwO May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGTON SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed 001'.. '7, 1959 mom May 25, 15965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAL 3,185,981

noPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed 001;. '7, 1959 NTM ATTORNEY May 25 l965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAL. 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM Filed Oct. '7, 1959 32 Sheets-Sheet 10 soms-r 40s-o Um RIGHT-4o4-l R R I LEFT-4o4-o m FRoN'f-4o5-l mil-LVL eAcK-4o5-o F B F FL FR BR BL May 25 1965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAI. 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM :s2 shets-sheet 11 Filed Oct. 7, 1959 s ||||.IV H R C S O T T llllll. T'I. AIl Ow Mm Ow. To lli o '.I. N I. RW O O w M G 0 AIII. svl. I NMII III i4 |IIIIIIII.|||II||INV IIII |-I w I D D U U ML m A@H R s WML Smm 1mm PE AA W AA LAOC WSG O l SRC. A05 m, W E D J 2 A' u 2 w n mw A n V III III. II R 7 R 2 mL w Ik. v W L .L AW 2 2 AW F H I m n B Pw 7 7 .w D 8 9 O I 2 5 4 m C ID. m m w m, m E m a w CB.CB CA CA R oSE oSE E. NF W N N E- 5AT SAW IT T mT IT XAAI4 FI 4 IsxB 0 0K K 0 l- HI. Hl .In CK C C CK M PH PH M C C C C J S S 5 L *i 0 7 L IIIIIIIIIIII III II.|.III.||| MIII ImIIIImII IMIIIIIII IIII F IJ lL` L G R m mn m Aww MW m .um m m.. R C M F w F A lf May 25 1965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 52 Sheets-Sheet l2 Filed Oct. 7. 1959 .En mms o mm2@ swim o N l l| m Wu. z n zool m5@ F 3.5 n 3.65am sw o! com ww 5N l| zo?.

2.5 wma. l. I* 4 :Bim T 9. oom f 62522. -ocjozmo 18.51F o! oom u msg o n 2 mi n ll I I l I I I l l l i I I I l l l l" l I I l I l i l I l I l i l E@ wao s mm oww .im -wwml www@ n om V||||-||||l| l|||.|lillllellwnuu.. l .I l I I m2o HV n .o2 mm. .llil ..-l-l--- r -||||||||l|||l. .o. I Ilhl -...MWIL 1 'DISH O L May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,135,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM A Filed Oct. '7, 1959 32 Sheets-Sheet 13 May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEI. ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM Filed Oct. 7, 1959 52 Sheets-Sheet 14 250-CSC TO FlG.7e.

TO FIG.7c.

May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL l-:TAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet l5 Filed Oct. '7. l1959 May 25, 1965 Filed Oct. '7. 1959 W. F. GUNKEL ETAL DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM TO FLAG 32 sheets-sheet' 1e ALARM TO FlG.7e

May 25 1955 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet 17 Filed 001'.. 7, 1959 TIA May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM Filed Oct. '7, 1959 52 Sheets-Sheet 18 :IZ-:KBBB

l L +I2 To Plas. W ORNEY May 25, 1965 w. F. GUNKEL. ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet 19 Filed Oct. 7, 1959 mOPOmPmQ P mm mom\ mm mur 02E May 25 1965 w. F. GUNKEL ETAL 3,185,981

DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM 32 Sheets-Sheet 2 O Filed 001'.. '7, 1959 @L fs: mo:

mula-.53S 

1. A DOPPLER NAVIGATION SYSTEM COMPRISING A FIXED ANTENNA ARRAY; A FEED SYSTEM FOR SAID ARRAY; ELECTRICAL MEANS INCLUDING SAID ARRAY AND SAID FEED SYSTEM FOR DETERMINING A PLURALITY OF POSITIONS FOR A DIRECTIVE PATTERN OF SAID ARRAY; MEANS FOR CONTROLLING SAID ELECTRICAL MEANS TO DIRECT SAID PATTERN SEQUENTIALLY TO SAID POSITIONS; A MICROWAVE OSCILLATOR HAVING A LOW-Q RESONATOR WITH A SUBSTANTILLY FLAT RESPONSE REGION ON EACH SIDE OF RESONANCE; AN AFC LOOP HAVING A PREDETERMINED CUTOFF FREQUENCY FOR MAINTAINING THE FREQUENCY OF SAID OSCILLATOR FIXED; MEANS FOR FREQUENCY MODULATING SAID OSCILLATOR WITH A MODULATION FREQUENCY ABOVE SAID PREDETERMINED CUTOFF FREQUENCY AND DEVIATION WITHIN SAID REGION; MEANS FOR CHANGING SAID MODULATION FREQUENCY IN SYNCHRONISM WITH THE SEQUENTIAL POSITIONS OF SAID PATTERN; MEANS FOR COUPLING MICROWAVE ENERGY FROM SAID OSCILLATOR TO SAID FEED SYSTEM; MEANS FOR ISOLATING ENERGY RECEIVED BY SAID ARRAY FROM ENERGY TRANSMITTED BY SAID ARRAY; A MIXER; MEANS FOR COUPLING SAID RECEIVED ENERGY AND A PORTION OF SAID MICROWAVE ENERGY FROM SAID OSCILLATOR TO SAID MIXER; MEANS FOR SELECTING A HIGHER ORDER HARMONIC OF SAID MODULATION FREUENCY FROM THE OUTPUT OF SAID MIXER; MEANS FOR MIXING SAID HARMONIC WITH THE SAME ORDER HARMONIC OF SAID MODULATION FREQUENCY TO RECOVER THE DOPPLER SPECTRUM ON SAID RECEIVED ENERGY; A STABLE SUB-CARRIER WITH MEANS FOR AMPLITUDE MODULATING SAID SUB-CARRIER WITH SAID SPECTRUM; A SPECTRUM CENTER TRACKER FOR GENERATING A FREQUENCY EQUAL TO THE FREQUENCY CENTER OF POWER OF AN INPUT SPECTRUM; MEANS FOR APPLYING SAID DOPPLER SPECTRUM MODULATED SUB-CARRIER TO THE INPUT OF SAID TRACKER; MEANS FOR SEQUENTIALLY OPERATING SAID TRACKER IN SYNCHRONISM WITH THE POSITIONS OF SAID ANTENNA PATTERN TO GENERATE A CENTER-FREQUENCY FOR THE DOPPLER SPECTRUM FOR EACH SAID POSITION; MEANS FOR MAINTAINING EACH OF SAID CENTERFREQUENCIES DURING THE INTERVALS WHEN THE CORRESPONDING DOPPLER SPECTRUM IS NOT APPLIED TO SAID TRACKER; MEANS FOR COMBINING SAID CENTER-FREQUENCIES TO OBTAIN SEPARATE FREQUENCIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE VELOCITY COMPONENTS OF THE AIRCRAFT; MEANS FOR COMBINING SAID CENTER-FREQUENCIES TO OBTAIN A FREQUENCY WHICH IS SUBSTANTIALLY INVARIANT WHEN ALL OF SAID CENTER-FREQUENCIES ARE PRESENT, MEANS RESPONSIVE TO SAID INVARIANT FREQUENCY TO INDICATE WHEN SUBSTANTIAL DEVIATION OCCURS IN SAID INVARIANT FREQUENCY, MEANS RESPONSIVE TO SAID FREQUENCIES REPRESENTATIVE OF VELOCITY COMPONENTS FOR GENERATING A FREQUENCY DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO GROUND SPEED; MEANS RESPONSIVE TO FREQUENCIES RELATED TO FORWARD AND TRANSVERSE VELOCITY COMPONENTS FOR GENERATING A CURRENT REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MAGNITUDE AND SENSE OF THE DRIFT ANGLE; MEANS FOR MODIFYING SAID CURRENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH A FUNCTION OF THE PRODUCT OF PITCH AND ROLL; AND A UTILIZATION DEVICE FOR SAID GROUND SPEED FREQUENCY AND SAID DRIFT ANGLE CURRENT. 